Topics SA further away from someone an other race as a railway station was a mess to study.Siegwart LindenbergThe idea that promote crime and antisocial behavior neglected environments has been the 1980s. Now, a study shows that chaotic environment people tend to stereotype of others.
Diederik stack and Siegwart Lindenberg, social scientists of the University of Tilburg in the Netherlands, asked topics in chaotic or orderly daily environments (a road and a railway station), complete questionnaires, that their decisions on certain social groups examined. They found small but significant and systematic differences in the responses: there were more stereotyping in the disorderly areas than the clean.
The researchers suggest that local authorities could counteract therefore social discrimination of diagnosis and removal of signs of disorder and decay in public environments. Report their findings today in Science1.
David Schneider, a psychologist at the, Rice University in Houston, Texas, and specialist for stereotyping, calls the study "an excellent job, which not only speaks a potentially important environmental cause, but supports also a large potential theoretical explanation for some forms of prejudice".
Social scientists and criminologists have long suspected, that this environment has an impact on the behavior. The 'broken Windows' hypothesis, developed by sociologist James Wilson and George Kelling, assumes that people are most likely to criminal and antisocial acts to commit, if they evidence that others have done, for example, if they are to show in public places, the signs of decay and neglect.
The New York subway motivates this idea famous zero tolerance policy on graffiti in the late 1980s (acted as a consultant for the Kelling) who is credited with improving the security of your network. Lindenberg and his staff the hypothesis tested in 2008 a study in Dutch urban; Their results suggested that environment will affect people who illegally be willingness, or antisocially2.
But could be evidence of social decay, even at the mild level of littering, attitude towards other people discriminatory impact on our unconscious? To test this possibility, stack and Lindenberg developed a variety of disordered environments in the people's party to test ways of thinking.
In an experiment, were passers-by in the busy station of Utrecht is asked to sit in a number of chairs and a questionnaire for the reward a candy bar or an Apple to answer. A cleaner used the researchers strike, who had left the station dirty and litter strewn, to create their chaotic environment; They returned to do the same test after the strike through was and the station was clean.
In the questionnaires, participants were asked, evaluate how much certain social groups - Muslims, homosexuals, and Dutch people - qualities which was part of positive and negative stereotypes, as well as qualities not relating to stereotypes. For example, the "positive" stereotypes of homosexuals were (creative, sweet), 'Negatives' were (odd, feminine) and the neutral conditions were (impatient, intelligent).
As explore also these responses, the experiment examines unconscious negative responses to race. The topics were white, but when they were asked to sit, a Chair was already occupied at the end of the line by a Dutch person, black or white. In the chaotic station people on average was further from the black person as the white, while the clean station, there was no difference.
Impact caused by differences in the environments cleanliness while maintaining the error to eliminate, ran a second attempt to the researchers. Issues were addressed on a street in a wealthy Dutch town; in one case Street was ordered, but in the other the same road been made rather randomly by the distance of a few patch panels and the addition of a badly parked car and a ' abandoned ' bike. Again fuelled disorder stereotyping.
Stack and Lindenberg said that stereotyping trying mentally measuring offset can be: "one way, chaos, a spiritual cleaning device handle", the other people properly partitioned into predefined categories.
Support of this idea they were participants in a laboratory images of ordered and disordered situations, such as a bookcase with disheveled or regularly stacked books, before questions completed both the stereotyping survey and another, their perceived probed for necessary structure of questions it the truthfulness of the statements as write a review, "I do not like situations that are uncertain". Both stereo-typing and the need for a structure were in people just higher the chaotic images.
Robert Sampson, sociologist at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, says, that the study "clever and well made", but is careful to interpret the results. "Failure is not necessarily chaotic", he says, "and is subject to different social values in current or not modified environments." There are on significant subjective variations within the same home environment as disorder rated the social context is important. "
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He adds: "when we induced out from the lab or temporary settings and look at you the everyday contexts in which people live and interact, we can not simply accept that interventions to clean up invariant will have disarray."
Schneider agrees that the impact of the work of public order are not yet clear. He says "A question, we would have to answer how long last is this kind of impact". "There is the possibility that people can quickly adapt to disorder." "I would be very careful on completion, that people who live in unclean and disordered areas are more biased so."
Stack confirmed this. "People who constantly get used in error it and show not the impact that we find," he says. "Error in our definition is something that is the unexpected."
Stack, D. A. & Lindenberg, S. Science 332, 251-253 (2011).?| Article |Keizer, k., Lindenberg, S. & STEG, L. Science 322, 1681-1685 (2008).?| Article |?ISI |?ChemPort |If you something offensive or inappropriate or that otherwise are not met our conditions or Community guidelines, select you the appropriate "this comment report" Link.Kommentare on this thread are marked according to the time of booking.There are currently no comments.
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